Hu Bingheng, a guide to Jixi Longchuan Scenic Area in Xuancheng City, Anhui Province

Contents of this article

• 1. Guide words for Jixi Longchuan Scenic Area in Xuancheng City, Anhui Province
• 2. Ranking of the top ten most interesting places in Anhui
• 3. Introduction by Hu Bingheng
• 4. Who were famous people in Xuancheng in ancient times?

Guide words for Jixi Longchuan Scenic Area in Xuancheng City, Anhui Province

Longchuan Village is located 11 kilometers east of Jixi County, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province. It was formed by the merger of the three original villages of Kengkou, Huli and Hengchuan. Below is the Longchuan tour guide I brought, I hope it can help everyone.

Anhui Jixi Longchuan Tour Guide 1

Dear friends: Hello everyone!

Now we come to Duxianfang. This archway was erected for Hu Zongming, the deputy imperial envoy of the capital. At the top of Duxianfang is the word "Imperial Edict", which belongs to the second level in the archway hierarchy.

In the past, the construction of archways required the emperor's permission. Archways were generally divided into three levels based on different levels. The first-class archway is "imperial gift", which is built with money from the treasury after the emperor agrees; the second-class archway is "enrong", which is built with local financial support after the emperor agrees; the third-class archway is "imperial edict", which is funded by the family. If you want to build a character, you must apply to the emperor. After the emperor approves, you or your family will pay for the construction.

According to expert research, the landform of Zuolong Canyon was formed by 3 million years of crustal changes combined with wind erosion and water flow. It is beautiful, hidden, secluded, open, strange, dangerous, ancient and clumsy, and has the reputation of "China's No. 1 Wonderful Gorge". Zuolong Gorge is known as a "paradise" and "fairyland on earth" due to its original ecological environment, spotless fresh air, fantastic natural scenery composed of canyons, primitive secondary forests, streams and waterfalls, and the simple and mysterious Tujia customs that seem to be from another world. Zuolong Gorge has the first special tourist trail in China. All the tourist trails are built deep in the canyon, taking advantage of the mountains. They are carefully crafted but completely natural. To cross the trail, it is not enough to just rely on your limbs and muscles. You must also have a strong will and a heart that is grateful to nature. Therefore, the trail is also known as the "Life Classroom".

Below the imperial edict is "Duxianfang". "Fang" refers to the archway, and people who build the roof are also called archways. It is a doorway-type memorial building that flaunts merits and promotes ethics. It is mostly built with wood, bricks, stones and other materials. It is rainy in the south, so stone is often used. "Duxian" refers to the fact that in the Han Dynasty, Zhongcheng was appointed as the chief of the Yushitai, and was called Duxian. In the Ming Dynasty, the Yushitai was changed to the Duchayuan. The Duyushi was equivalent to Zhongcheng, the censor of the previous generation, so the office was named "Duxian". Xian, the religious title for senior provincial officials. Du Xian is the abbreviation of Zuo Du Yushi of the Metropolitan Procuratorate, which is equivalent to the Deputy Prosecutor General of the Central Procuratorate.

Below the Duxianfang is written "Hu Zongming, deputy capital imperial envoy of Bingzike in the 11th year of Zhengde". Hu Zongming once patrolled Liaodong as deputy capital imperial envoy. He not only exercised supervisory duties, but also directed local affairs and was the highest local official. .

The supervisory authority in the Ming Dynasty was called the Ducha Yuan, which was the traditional Yushitai. It has the same nature as the current Central Procuratorate. Its main responsibility is to impeach officials, that is, administrative supervision. Because it also has the functions of criminal justice, it is ranked among the three judicial departments. The level of the Metropolitan Procuratorate is the same as that of the six ministries (the Ministry of Personnel, the Ministry of War, the Ministry of Rites, the Ministry of Household Affairs, the Ministry of Punishment, and the Ministry of Works). The imperial envoys on the left and right of the Metropolitan Procuratorate and the six ministers are all of the second rank.

In order to preserve the pit permanently in the wind and rain, the preventive measures of one solid and two transparent are usually adopted. Use boulders or stone lions to clamp the pillars. Here, inverted lions are used on both sides of the stone pillars. The front paws of the two lions are facing down, and the male lion has colored balls on his feet. , which means peace and prosperity for the country and the people. There is a little lion under the lioness' paw, which means eternal life. It is both exquisite and increases the stability of the archway, making the pillars more stable. Birds are used at both ends of the beam square to increase the pit pressure strength, which is "solid". The upper part of the archway is mostly decorated with openwork carvings, which allow ventilation and reduce the load. These exquisite carvings harmonize the reasonable structure and beautiful shape, which is "transparent".

From an architectural and cultural perspective, there are obvious differences between the Ming and Qing dynasties. There were more archways in the Qing Dynasty, while there were more archways in the Ming Dynasty.

The original name of Leiyin Temple was Jiejie Temple, also known as Guanyin Hall. It was founded by Zen Master Wuxia in the sixth year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1520) and rebuilt in the tenth year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1884). Taking the meaning of "Buddha's voice preaching, the sound is like thunder", it was renamed Leiyin Temple. The temples in Mount Emei are mostly built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. They not only retain some of the architectural features of palaces, government offices, and residences, but also incorporate the architectural forms of private houses. This small temple is located on a high hill, leaning on a dangerous cliff and on a slope road. It breaks the formal layout of the temple building and cleverly constructs a hanging tower with false legs to build an exquisite and unique folk courtyard-style temple, hidden in the lush jungle. .

When going down the mountain, we can go down the ditch from the tourist trail and trestle opened in the forest on the left side of Huangyougou. Not only can we enjoy the beautiful scenery of Huanglong Colorful Pond from a different angle, but we can also enjoy the fresh air in the forest that is rich in negative oxygen ions. It will inject new vitality into your tired body, allowing you to leave this unforgettable "paradise on earth" with excitement and satisfaction.

This poem talks about how beautiful Luofu is. Shuanglong Bay is such a rare beauty hidden in the mountains that no one knows. It is Luofu in our Qinling Mountains. Luofu has a beautiful appearance and noble character, and Shuanglong Bay also has its "great and beautiful natural and cultural secrets" waiting for you to discover. They are distributed in six major tourist areas. Let's start this trip together now Let’s go on a journey of discovery!

From an architectural point of view: the archway does not have a roof with upright pillars soaring to the sky, while the archway is a building with four pillars on the roof, three doors and five floors with raised beams.

In terms of cultural connotation: in the Ming Dynasty, there were generally more memorial archways and imperial examination archways. In the Qing Dynasty, there were many chastity memorial arches. To build a chastity memorial arch, one must be widowed before the age of 30. Only those who died after the age of 50 are eligible to build a chastity memorial arch.

I think everyone has eaten torreya. The big tree you see now is the torreya tree. I wonder if you have noticed: it opens its thick arms to welcome guests and friends from all over the world. This tree is 22 meters high, with a chest circumference of 2.2 meters at the base. It is more than 1,200 years old. And it’s lush all year round. The torreya tree is a non-deciduous tree, dioecious. Its fruits bloom and bear fruit in the first year and do not mature until the second year. That’s why it’s a reality that a tree can bear fruit for two years. So when the fruits are ripe, you have to climb up the tree and pick them one by one with your hands instead of hitting them with a stick. The fruit is roasted, fragrant and delicious, and has medicinal value for moistening the lungs and relieving coughs. This kind of tree can only be seen in Daxi in Anji. But please note, you must not touch it with your hands, because the fine hairs on the tree will make it itchy and uncomfortable when it touches the skin.

Anhui Jixi Longchuan Tour Guide 2

Xie Zhaozhi, a native of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, said in "Wuzazu" that "the merchants who rule the roost will be called Huizhou in the south of the Yangtze River, and Shanyou in the north of the Yangtze River." It can be seen that the Huizhou merchants in Anhui and the Shanxi merchants in Shanxi were in the early Ming Dynasty. They have become the two major business gangs that "dominate" the circulation field in my country.

Huizhou people began to go out to do business in the Song Dynasty. By the early Ming Dynasty, they had formed a large, powerful and prominent business gang. Wang Shizhen, a native of the Ming Dynasty, once summed up the Huizhou people's custom of being keen on merchants by saying, "Thirteen Hui customs are in the city, and seventeen are in the world." This means that seven out of ten people in Huizhou are doing business in other places.

Jixi Hui merchants emerged in the middle of the Ming Dynasty and operated in more than a dozen industries. Their footprints cover more than 100 cities and towns in China. According to statistics from the nearly 100 years before the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were more than 130 tea shops operating outside the country, accounting for about one-tenth of the total number of tea shops in Jixi outside the country. The typical Hui-style house we see in front of us is the residence of Hu Bingjie, a tea merchant in Huizhou. The total area of ​​this building is 220 square meters. Now we only see the main room, study room and two courtyards. The small courtyard is to the south of the study room. There is a water pool inside, which is used for daily drinking and fire protection. The small courtyard is adjacent to the bookstore, which allows students to have a small world to adjust their mentality, relax their limbs, and improve their thinking after school. The large courtyard originally had ancillary facilities such as a kitchen, a woodshed, a pigsty, a toilet, etc. The front hall of the house that we see now was restored as it was in 20_. Although the whole building is not large in scale or luxurious, it is small and exquisite and has complete "legs" (auxiliary buildings). It has the characteristics of the homes of well-off families in Huizhou at that time.

The Longchuan Hu family has been involved in tea business for four generations in northern Jiangsu. Hu Bingheng’s grandfather started to engage in the tea industry. My grandfather was Hu Yunyuan, who came from a poor family. When he was a boy, he was recommended by relatives to study business in Dongtai, Jiangsu Province. He first studied business in a teahouse owned by Huizhou people, and later worked as a merchant in the shop, specializing in purchasing Huizhou high mountain tea. Starting from the third year of Xianfeng (1853), the Taiping Army fought fiercely in Huizhou and entered Jixi ten times. Hu Yunyuan relied on his familiarity with traffic roads and tea prices, and ventured into the mountains many times to purchase Huizhou's famous high mountain tea, ensuring the normal business of the tea shop amidst the war and chaos. The shop owner thanked him and gave him a considerable reward. Soon, Yun Yuan used this remuneration and his many years of savings to purchase all the shares of Yutai He Cha Hao, and also opened a Hu Yuantai Tea Hao. Later, Yunyuan brought his son Shuming from Longchuan to Hu's tea house to study business. A few years later, two Hu Yuantai tea shops were opened in Jingjiang County and Tai County respectively, and the store business was handed over to his son Shuming.

In the early years of Guangxu, Yunyuan died of illness at his home in Longchuan. Shuming followed his father's teachings during his lifetime, worked hard, lived frugally, and finally made the store prosperous as before. Shuming not only diligently maintained the store business, but also spared no effort to support his four sons in Longchuan to study. Three of them, including Bingheng, were selected as scholars. Shuming then took Bingheng and his brother Binghua from Longchuan to Hu's Tea House in northern Jiangsu to learn shop management.

In the last years of Guangxu, Shuming died in Yuanji. The shopkeepers took advantage of Binghua and Bingheng's return home to attend the funeral, colluded with outsiders, and stole dozens of baskets of tea, causing Hu's tea industry to suffer considerable losses. Binghua and Bingheng devoted themselves to improving management, cleaning up personnel accounts, and improving rules and regulations. They also opened Hu Zhentai Tea House in Jiangyan in the early years of the Republic of China. This store has been in business for half a century.

Around the 13th year of the Republic of China (1920_), Binghua and Bingheng passed away one after another, and their wives resolutely took over the management of the ancestral store business. The two sisters shared hardships and depended on each other for honor and disgrace. They spent a lot of money to hire a manager, boldly adjusted personnel, and overcame difficulties. Eventually, the operation of Wubo Tea House became increasingly prosperous.

Twenty years after the Republic of China (1931), the sons of Binghua and Bingheng, Zenglin, Zengxin, Zengyu and Zengzhen, became adults one after another. Two of them became teachers and the other two inherited their ancestral business. During the period of their operation, although more than 300 pieces of tea goods were lost in transit at the dock during the Anti-Japanese War, which caused huge losses to Hu's Tea Industry, the sincere cooperation between the brothers and careful management of the store made Hu's Tea Industry a success again. Development, before the founding of the People's Republic of China, they opened two Hu Yuantai New Tea Shops in Taizhou and Shanghai respectively, until the public-private partnership after liberation.

So far, Hu's tea industry started from Mianyuan, developed in Shuming, and was inherited by Binghua, Bingheng and their sons. After four generations and more than a hundred years, a total of 14 teahouses and teahouses were opened. He became one of the few famous Huizhou tea merchants in the "Santai" area of ​​northern Jiangsu.

Anhui Jixi Longchuan Tour Guide 3

Longchuan Hu Ancestral Hall is located in Dakengkou Village, Jixi County, Anhui Province, about 10 kilometers away from the county seat. It is located in an ancient Huizhou village. The ancestral hall was built during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty and has a history of four to five hundred years. It has long been famous and is not too far from home. Of course my mother and I, two "travelers", didn't want to miss it, so we caught the last train of the summer vacation and set off!

Green mountains and green waters, hazy mist and rain, the scenery along the way is completely different from the noisy city, which became the focus of attention and discussion between my mother and me. I exclaimed in amazement: "If I could live here, I would die with no regrets in my life!" "Bah, bah, bah! Don't say such unlucky words." My mother interrupted me and scolded me. Just talking and laughing like this, we soon arrived at our destination - Hu's Ancestral Hall.

When you walk into the ancestral hall, you will see a large courtyard. On the wall of the corridor on the right are ten portraits of officials in ancient costumes, all of them majestic. Among them is the ancestor of the Hu family: Father Hu. Seeing this, my mother lowered her voice and said to me mysteriously:

"Chu'er, look carefully. There is a very strange painting. No matter which angle you look at it, the eyes of the person in the painting are always 'staring' at you!"

"Really?" I asked in surprise.

"It's really weird. Could it be that this painting is a fairy, right?" I was filled with suspicion. He quickly looked up and looked for the painting carefully. "This one? No! That one? Nor..." Just like that, I looked through the ten paintings two or three times, but still couldn't find the "magic" painting that hid the "mystery".

Just as I was frowning, my mother cheered and said, "Chu'er! Come and see, it's this one!" I hurriedly ran over, and it turned out that the "god" painting had another "home".

I looked at it carefully: it was a portrait of a person wearing a dragon robe. At first glance, it was not much different from the previous portrait. But the strange thing is: no matter standing in front or from the side, it seems that his eyes never leave. It’s really worth hearing a hundred times and seeing it once, and it’s well-deserved!

I got timid and thought: "The person in the painting must be the reappearance of a god. I don't dare to be disrespectful at all. Otherwise, if he finds out, I will definitely die!"

Listen to the tour guide’s introduction: “In ancient times, painting anyone else wearing a dragon robe was to exterminate the nine tribes except the emperor. Therefore, the dragon robe in this painting was changed to earthy yellow, and the dragon’s eyes were hollowed out. , in the final analysis, he can only be regarded as a 'local emperor' and cannot be convicted. "

"Oh! That's what happened!" I nodded in understanding. But I still haven’t figured out why the people’s eyes in the portrait are fixed on them.

Then, my mother and I went to the place where the memorial tablets were placed and the houses where people named Hu used to live. They were both very interesting and charming. Two of the plaques are particularly interesting. They were preserved today because they were used as ceiling and bed boards. It really makes people laugh!

Although this trip lasted only a few hours, I not only appreciated the exquisite architecture of the Hu Clan Ancestral Hall in Longchuan, but also learned about the intriguing stories behind it. I also gained a deeper understanding of Huizhou’s ancient history and culture. I thought: When I grow up and visit again, I will definitely gain more.

Anhui Jixi Longchuan Tour Guide 4

Hello, fellow travelers! There is an ancient temple in Kengkou Village of Jixi with unique terrain and beautiful scenery. It is listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit - Longchuan Hu Ancestral Temple. Relevant experts praise it as a unique ancient temple in China.

According to historical records, Longchuan is the ancient name of Hangkou Village. There is Longxu Mountain in front of the village, and a small stream (called Chuan) passes through the village, which was called Longchuan in ancient times. Later generations thought that the outlet of the creek (also called the pit) flowed into the Dengyuan River, and the dragon could flow the stream, so it was changed to the mouth of the pit. This legend is still circulated among the people today. The Hu Clan Ancestral Hall in Longchuan was first built in the Song Dynasty and was overhauled during the Jiajing Period of the Ming Dynasty. Sitting north and facing south, with three entrances from the front and back, it is composed of nine parts, including the screen wall, platform, gatehouse, courtyard, veranda, hall, wing room, bedroom, and special sacrificial temple. The ancestral hall adopts an architectural technique of symmetrical layout from east to west along the central axis. It makes people feel majestic and spectacular.

For the children and grandchildren surnamed Hu, Jixi is a very glorious home. In the Tang Dynasty, Jixi produced a cavalry general Hu Mi; in the Song Dynasty, Hu Shunzhi, a censor who was famous for impeaching Qin Hui twice; in the Ming Dynasty, Hu Fu and Hu Zongxian, the ministers of Yishi; in the Qing Dynasty, Hu Kaiwen, a famous Huimo master , red-top businessman Hu Xueyan; in modern times, there was the famous scholar Hu Shi; in the contemporary era, there was the vice president of the country __... These names have made history famous and the surname Hu is colorful. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were 30 ancestral halls for the Hu surname alone in Jixi County.

The ancestral hall is the product of ancient Huizhou's legal system of establishing clans to unite clans and protect clans. Today, it has lost its role and significance, but its wood carving art is the crystallization of the wisdom of the working people. It has unique archaeological and ornamental value when studied as a historical relic. In particular, its woodcarvings and flower carvings are unique and form their own artistic style. They can be described as a "pearl" of woodcarving art, and this is also the meaning of "a unique ancient temple". The wood carvings of the ancestral hall are basically divided into four parts: the gate tower, the floor-to-ceiling windows and doors of the main hall, the hooks and brackets, and the rear entrance windows and doors. They are all based on the auspicious dragons and phoenixes, historical dramas, landscapes, flowers and birds, and beautiful scenery. The flower carvings use techniques that combine relief, hollow carving and line carving, making the patterns vivid and lifelike.

The carvings on the tall gatehouse are composed of patterns based on historical dramas and dragon and lion dances. The 22-meter-wide gatehouse has a bracket and an eaves, and is lifted into the air. There are 6 stone pillars, 5 moon beams and square beams in the front and rear rooms of the gatehouse. The structure is tight and the layout is well-proportioned. The square beams are engraved with exquisite patterns such as "Nine lions rolling balls all over the ground" and "Nine dragons playing with pearls and stars all over the sky"; on both sides are historical dramas with different contents. Hundreds of civil and military officials gathered together, and the three armies obeyed orders and leaped on their horses. Swords, scenes of fierce battles on the battlefield are displayed in front of you. The two door gods Wei Chigong and Qin Shubao are painted on the Yimen to guard the door. On both sides are stone drums and giant lions confronting each other.

Across the large patio of the ancient temple is Zhongjin (i.e. the main hall), which is the hall where the clan chiefs held ceremonies. It consists of 14 ginkgo tree columns with a diameter of 166 cm. The column bases are made of lotus petals carved from jujube wood, and are supported by 54 large and small winter melon beams. Each roof beam in the main hall has oval beams at both ends. The beams are carved with colorful clouds and streamers, and the middles are carved with dragons, phoenixes, and tigers. The purlins are inlaid with pieces of flower carvings, and even the beam hooks are engraved with dragons and peacocks. , daffodils and evergreens, looking up at them, they are exquisite and unique. The flower carvings on both sides and at the top of the main hall are even more unique. There are 10 floor-to-ceiling windows and doors on each side with the lotus as the main pattern, which "comes out of the mud but remains unstained". The flower shapes are in various shapes, some are in buds and are just beginning to bloom; some are slim and graceful, swaying in the wind, and some are spread flat on the water surface, stretching. Picturesque, no one is the same. What’s even more lovely is that there are things in the flowers and scenery in the things. The lotus flowers are rippling in the pond water, or sparkling in the microwave, or blooming in the waves. Among the flowers, there are birds flying in the blue sky, fish diving in the bottom, ducks playing in the blue waves, frogs leaping in the lotus pond, and mandarin ducks crossing their necks, which depict the whole lotus group. It must be vivid, lifelike and full of fun...

The flower carvings on the first row of floor-to-ceiling windows and doors in the main hall are a "picture of a hundred deer", which is lined with various mountains and waters, bamboos, trees, flowers and grass in the southeast and northwest. Various forms of sika deer live freely here, and some are strolling leisurely. Some were frightened and ran quickly; some looked back to attract their mates, and some raised their heads and cried; some drank from the stream, and some held Ganoderma lucidum in their mouths; and some young deer sucked their breasts, and the doe licked them. It was really lifelike and lifelike. Climb the steps and enter the ancient temple. Here is another "wonderland". Rows of floor-to-ceiling windows and doors are full of worlds of carved vases, with hexagonal, octagonal, semicircular, rhombus, large mouth, long neck and other shapes. They are carved with thousands of knives and are delicate and lovely. The bottle mouths are engraved with flowers of the four seasons, such as plum, orchid, bamboo, etc. Chrysanthemums, peonies, hostas, crabapples... it can be said that "natural workers can replace them, but artificial ones are inferior to nature".

Exit the main hall and walk into the side room on the east side of the main temple. Its structure is divided into upper and lower halls. The height is only half of the main hall. The wood carvings are simple and have a different style. This is a auxiliary temple. Why was this auxiliary temple built? According to legend, Longchuan is shaped like a boat, and the whole village is uniformly named Hu. Ships traveling on the sea cannot stop and dock without anchors, so they were invited from other villages. A man surnamed Ding lives here to protect the temple. The surname Ding is like an anchor anchoring a ship to make it stable. What is even more strange is that the surname Ding has been passed down from generation to generation for 16 generations. The reason why is still a "mystery". There is more than one "mystery" in the ancient temple. More than 400 years ago after the ancient temple was overhauled, not a single spider could be found. Some people say that it is related to the selection of high-quality wood for the ancient temple, while others say that the key is that the ancient temple is located in a geomantic treasure land. Although this "mystery" has not been solved, there is no spider web, and the flower carvings are more elegant.

Probably because of people's love for Huizhou wood carving art and the fact that it is a treasure land of outstanding people, many domestic and foreign people and tourists, when traveling to southern Anhui or visiting Huangshan, come to this village to visit and taste it. The wood carving art of this ancient temple attracts more than 10,000 viewers every year. In turn, it fully demonstrates the "pearl" style of the ancient temple.

Anhui Jixi Longchuan Guide Words 5

Hello, fellow group members!

First of all, please allow me, on behalf of our Xuancheng Travel Agency, to sincerely welcome all friends to the beautiful Huizhou and ancient Jixi. My surname is Yes, right! The person on my right is our driver, Master Life is in his hands! So we must not offend the driver. But please don’t worry, as long as we protect the hygiene and cleanliness of the driver’s car, I believe our driver will be easy to get along with. , right? Master x.

There is a saying that goes well: The world is like a book. If you have not traveled, you have only read one page of the book. Now that you are traveling with us, let us read this page of Jixi!

Okay, now our destination has arrived. Please bring the necessities for the journey and follow Xiao Wang to get off the bus! Now we come to our Longchuan Scenic Area, which is located in the southeast of Jixi County, Anhui Province and is the provincial capital. A level historical and cultural reserve. It is an ancient village where the Hu surname lives together. Longchuan has a history of more than 1,600 years. It has been passed down to the current generation of "Jin" for 48 generations. Ai~ mentioned the word "Jin" Well, Xiao Wang will give you a foreshadowing first. Think about a person. This person can be said to be known not only to all of China, but even to the whole world! Let’s think about it first! Xiao Wang will reveal it to you later...

Everyone looked up, by the way, we are now at Water Street, and the village on Linshui Street is our Longchuan Village. Longchuan Village is surrounded by mountains and rivers, with Dragon Peak standing at the head of the village, Fengshan facing the west of the village, and Dengyuan River in the north. There are pegasus galloping in the south, and the whole village looks like it is facing the sea, making it a geomantic treasure.

The archway in front of everyone now is our Yishi Shangshufang. It was built in the 41st year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1562). It is a stone archway commemorating the two Shangshu of the Ming Dynasty, Hu Fu and Hu Zongxian.

The archway has four pillars, three doors and five floors, facing north and south, with a height of 10 meters and a width of 9 meters. It is a beam-lifting building. The main structure consists of 4 pillars, 4 top fixing squares and seven large and small squares. On the four sides On the north and south sides of the pillar, there are drum stone protection seats. The archway adopts the side-footing method, and the pillars adopt the angled method of plum blossom columns. This is a significant feature of Ming Dynasty architecture. The whole archway is majestic and fully demonstrates the ancient architecture of my country. of superb craftsmanship.

There is a vertical plaque in the middle of the extension of the main building of the archway. The word "Enrong" is dazzling, and the plaque is surrounded by a pattern of double dragons playing with beads. Under the plaque of Enrong, on the ceiling supported by four vases, there is a regular script written "" There are 8 large characters of "Yi Shi Shangshu" and "Yi Shi Gong Bao", with dignified and thick fonts and elegant and elegant writing. According to textual research, this calligraphy was written by Wen Zhengming, one of the four great masters of the Ming Dynasty. Next we came to Jixi Longchuan Hu Ancestral Hall, remember the word "jin" I told you earlier? By the way, it is our _'s Jin. This beautiful mountain village is the hometown of our chairman. Here you can feel the hometown of the chairman culture…

The Hu Clan Ancestral Hall in Longchuan is a national key cultural relic protection unit and one of the best existing ancestral halls in the country. For this reason, Xinhua News Agency President Shao Huaze wrote a plaque "The First Ancestral Hall in Jiangnan" hanging here.

It was built in the 20th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1546), covering an area of ​​1,729 square meters and a total construction area of ​​1,564 square meters. It is composed of ten parts, using the architectural technique of symmetrical layout from east to west along the central axis, forming a complete building group.

Everyone looks at the screen wall across the river, which defines a fixed range for the area in front of the ancestral hall. Then you see the terrace of the ancestral hall, which is 48 square meters and one meter high. It is actually the entire Hu family ancestral hall platform. As part of the foundation, the ground, steps, pillars, and railings are all made of granite. When large-scale clan activities were held in the past, the standing position was very particular. Those standing on this platform should be middle-level clan members or people who are important to the clan. Contributing personnel.

What you see now is the gatehouse of the ancestral hall. It is a mountain-style building with double eaves. It is seven bays wide and two bays deep. The building area is 145 square meters. It is composed of 28 columns and 33 moon beams as the main structure. There are 16 front and rear The gate tower has three levels, five roofs with eaves reaching more than one meter in front, and eight corners at the front and back, showing the shape of a phoenix spreading its wings and soaring. Therefore, the gate tower is also called the Five Phoenix Tower.

Hu's Ancestral Hall is famous for its wood carving art palace. After more than 100 years of ups and downs, more than 400 of the original 600 wood carving works are distributed in more than ten places such as squares, beams, columns, fans, brackets, and ceilings. In terms of various types of parts, the largest is the waist panel in the dormitory door, which is only 34 cm long and 13 cm wide. Under the wooden beam, have you seen the curved hook? That hook. The direction is towards the inside of Hu's Ancestral Hall, which means bringing in wealth.

The first thing everyone sees when entering the ancestral hall is our Da'e Fang, which is engraved with "Nine Dragons Playing with Pearls and Stars in the Sky". The three Puba Fang's below are engraved with the ancestors of the civil servants surnamed Hu who were diligent in politics and valued education. The forehead square under the middle eaves is engraved with "Kowloon Playing with Pearls and Low Brocade". The other three Pubai squares are carved with scenes of ancestors of the Hu surname fighting bloody battlefields, making contributions and serving the country with loyalty. It's a pity. "_ "In the early days, these characters had their faces cut off, which became a historical regret.

Everyone looks up, this is the patio of our Huizhou buildings. Its main function is lighting and ventilation. The row of stones in the center of the patio is also called the chrysalis path. The door is only opened during major events. The upper class members of the clan are very old. Only elders, members with outstanding contributions and parents of each family can enter the main hall. Now we are coming to the main hall, also known as the sacrificial hall. Inside the partition door in the middle of the hall is the altar, with the statues of the ancestors hanging on the inner wall; and the two above One plaque, "Shi'en Tang", was written by Wen Zhengming, one of the four famous talents of the Ming Dynasty. The other was written by Zhang Yanyu, the minister of the Qing Dynasty, on the orders of Emperor Qianlong, describing Hu Zongxian's anti-Japanese achievements. Outside the next door, there is A large confession table with offerings and incense candles.

The main hall door is 22.16 meters wide in 7 rooms, 17.47 meters deep in 5 rooms, with a construction area of ​​387 square meters and a ceiling height of 9.3 meters. The main structure consists of 48 columns and 154 beams, with 4 large golden columns in the middle, which are surrounded by It is made of 1.66-meter ginkgo. Next we come to the dormitory building, which is the place where the Hu family’s ancestors’ tablets are enshrined. The sacrificial utensils, clan classics, and genealogy records are stored upstairs. The entire ancestral hall was built in the 24th year of Guangxu, that is, in 1898. It was rebuilt in 1989 and completely renovated from 1989 to 1993. Only the upper floor of this dormitory retains the architectural format and original appearance of the Ming Dynasty, and the pillars are also original from the Ming Dynasty.

Okay, that’s the end of the explanation. Next, everyone can visit on their own and take photos. We will meet at the entrance of Water Street in half an hour. After playing for so long, everyone must be tired and hungry! Next, Xia Wang will lead everyone there Try our authentic Anhui cuisine. Speaking of Anhui cuisine, Jixi is the most worthy of its name. Because it is the birthplace of Anhui cuisine! In fact, it is not only the hometown of our Anhui cuisine, but also the origin of Anhui opera. In our Jixi Fuling.

So, we are in Jixi! What a great place! It’s time to say farewell to everyone’s banquet. Here, Xiao Wang would like to thank everyone for supporting my work. Maybe I’m not the best tour guide. , but everyone made me feel like the best tour guide. Two mountains cannot meet, but two people can always meet again. Here, Xiao Wang hopes that in the near future, he can be a great book in China and even the world. See you all on another page. Goodbye, dear friends!

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Ranking of the top ten most interesting places in Anhui

What are the fun attractions in Anhui? Wuhu Fantawild Adventure, Huangshan Scenic Area, Daishan Lake Tourist Resort, Hefei Wanda Park... Among them, Wuhu Fantawild Tourist Area is China's largest fourth-generation theme park and a national 5A-level tourist attraction, consisting of 15 themes It consists of project areas and more than 300 landscape projects. The tourism editor of this article has taken stock of the top ten fun places in Anhui, hoping it will be helpful to everyone.

1. Wanfo Lake
Wanfo Lake integrates "mountains, water, springs, rocks, islands, cliffs, walls, ponds, forests and fish". It is characterized by the beautiful island lake scenery. The carrier, based on the unique geological history and the profound cultural accumulation, is full of green mountains and a lake of clear water, forming a dam landscape and an island lake landscape (currently, the islands open to the outside world include: Yanzi Island, Zhouyu Island, Fengqing Island, etc.), volcanic landscape, characteristic architectural landscape, fish cultural landscape, Buddhist cultural landscape, water conservancy cultural landscape, historical and cultural landscape, rural tourism landscape, etc. It is an island lake cultural tourism area.

2. Wuhu Fantawild Adventure
Wuhu Fantawild Adventure consists of Sunshine Plaza, Fantawild Avenue, Fisherman's Wharf, Space World, Mystic River Valley, Mount Vesuvius, Legend of Journey to the West, and Elf Valley , Liaozhai, Dinosaur Peninsula, Conch Bay, Dubi Farm, Children's Kingdom, Water World, Bolide, etc., including more than 300 themed projects, amusement projects, leisure and landscape projects, most of which are suitable for both young and old. Suitable for all, it is the most interesting tourist attraction in Anhui.

3. Longchuan
On both sides of the water street in Longchuan Scenic Area, there are rows of ancient houses, quiet villages and alleys, whitewashed walls and black tiles, and proud horse heads, giving it the connotation of an ancient Huizhou village. Hu's ancestral hall, Yishi Shangshufang and Hu Bingheng's house, which are national key cultural relics units, are among the exquisite three-carved sculptures of the Hui style. The Hu Ancestral Hall is known as the "Palace of Woodcarving Art" and "The First Ancient Ancestral Hall in the South of the Yangtze River". The woodcarvings "Four Harmonies" (Harmony, Harmony, Harmony, and Harmony) preserved in it have become a symbol of a harmonious society; Yishi Shangshufang is a symbol of Shengming Dynasty. The stone archway of the period has become a typical representative of Huizhou stone carvings; the Huizhou merchant Hu Bingheng's house (not open) authentically preserves the old appearance of Huizhou's ancient dwellings and faithfully records the history of a generation of tea merchants.

4. Oura Village World
Oura Village World focuses on the three major functions of agricultural production, tourism and vacation, and ecological living. Its main attractions include Tropical Botanical Garden, My Farm, Pumpkin Quest, Grape Plaza, etc. , a complex ecological leisure tourism area integrating agricultural science and technology display, agricultural product production, agricultural tourism, agricultural leisure, water-friendly leisure, outdoor sports, business meetings, and health-preserving residence.

5. Tianzhu Mountain
Tianzhu Mountain presents natural landscapes such as strange peaks, rocks, caves, and canyons. It is famous for its majesty, strangeness, spirit, and beauty. It is divided into main peak, large peak, and large peak. There are eight scenic spots: Longwo, Mazu'an, Hutou Cliff, Jiujing River, Sanzu Temple, Longtan River, Houshan, and a tea house central reception station. In the scenic area, there are thousands of peaks, thousands of valleys hidden in the mountains, so majestic and indescribable. Tips from travel editors: When traveling to Tianzhu Mountain, in addition to viewing the beautiful natural scenery, you can also experience rafting, rock climbing, adventure, barbecue, beach volleyball, farmhouse and other entertainment projects and facilities. The scenic spot also provides tourists with Huangmei Opera, folk customs, High-altitude flying, Tianzhu martial arts and other performances

6. Hefei Wildlife Park
Hefei Wildlife Park is 15km away from the city center. It has more than 100 kinds of animals and more than 2,000 animals. The park is full of trees and gurgling streams, making it an immersive experience. According to the needs of different animals for different environments, the animal's living environment in the wild is artificially simulated, and the animal's exhibition hall is cleverly integrated with the natural environment. The architectural sketches in the park use natural or natural-like materials, and use artificial landscaping techniques to integrate them with the surrounding environment. The terrain of the entire park is undulating, surrounded by forests and shaded by green grass. Animals can freely move in and out of the forest and green grass. Visitors feel as if they are returning to basics.

7. Qiupu River
Qiupu River rafting originates from the Qiupu River in Shitai County in the deep mountainous area of ​​southern Anhui (forest coverage 87%). The river is as clear as autumn and the scenery on both sides is picturesque. Rafting on the Qiupu River passes through ancient trees on both sides of the river and dangerous river shoals. Tourists can raft on bamboo rafts to trace the traces of poets and experience the charm of Tang poetry. Rafting on the Qiupu River is 15 kilometers long and passes through 14 dangerous shoals and numerous reefs. There are different shapes. While riding the kayak, you can also play in the water and surf passionately. Editor’s tip: In addition to rafting, you can also push stone mills and ride water carts on the river bank, taste Qiupu fishermen’s bamboo tube rice at the floating restaurant, bake on the beach, play in the river and catch fish, and bend the bow in the ancient willow forest. hunting.

8. Xidi Hongcun
Xidi and Hongcun are located in Yi County and are world cultural heritage sites. Xidi Village covers an area of ​​nearly 13 hectares and has a history of more than 950 years. It currently has 3 ancestral halls, 1 archway and 224 ancient residences from the 14th to 19th centuries. It has well preserved the typical ancient village style of Ming and Qing Dynasties, and is known as the "living ancient residential museum". Hongcun was founded in 1131 AD and has 137 ancient buildings from Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is a typical example of the culture of the late feudal society in China. Representative - the carrier of Huizhou culture, embodies the characteristics of Huizhou folk houses with exquisite craftsmanship. Xidi and Hongcun are the pearls of Huizhou folk houses and are known as "villages in paintings".

9. Jiuhua Mountain
Jiuhua Mountain Scenic Area is known as the "Lotus Buddha Country", with beautiful peaks and strange rocks. The nine main peaks are like nine lotus flowers, each with its own charm. The natural sleeping Buddha formed by the continuous mountain peaks has become a model of the organic integration of natural landscape and Buddhist culture. There are clear streams, secluded pools, waterfalls and flowing springs everywhere in the scenic area, forming fresh and natural landscape paintings. There are also natural wonders such as sea of ​​clouds, sunrise, rime, and Buddha's light. The weather is diverse and beautiful, and it is known as the "Beautiful Jiangnan". In spring, the mountains are full of fragrance, and hundreds of birds are singing in harmony; in summer, the beautiful trees are in the shade, and the valley breeze is cool; in autumn, the forests are dyed, making it unique and interesting; in winter, the beautiful buildings and jade buildings are transcendent and ethereal. The beautiful scenery is different in four seasons, which is breathtaking.

10. Huangshan
Huangshan Mountain is a scenic spot with beautiful peaks and numerous strange rocks. There are 88 peaks over 1,000 meters tall, including the three main peaks of "Lotus", "Guangmingding" and "Tiandu". , with an altitude of more than 1,800 meters, is famous for its "Five Wonders" of strange pines, strange rocks, sea of ​​clouds, hot springs, and winter snow. It is a world cultural and natural heritage and a world geopark. Together with the Yangtze River, the Great Wall and the Yellow River, Huangshan Mountain is an outstanding representative of China's magnificent mountains and rivers and splendid culture. It is praised by the world as "Wonderland on Earth" and "The Most Wonderful Mountain in the World".

11. Hefei Hanhai Polar Ocean World
Hefei Hanhai Polar Ocean World is a large ocean park integrating marine science education, marine life research, domestication and display, and leisure and entertainment, covering a total area 32 acres, with a construction area of ​​12,585 square meters and a total investment of 150 million yuan. It includes a boutique aquarium, 360-degree undersea garden, Seal Bay, Fantasy Jellyfish Palace, undersea tunnel, freshwater tunnel, Hong's Circle Penguin Island and other exhibition areas. It has hundreds of species of marine life and four major performances, which are widely welcomed. Visitors welcome.

12. Daishan Lake
Daishan Lake Resort is 57 kilometers away from Hefei. The mountains and rivers in the area blend together and the environment is pleasant. It is famous for its unique lakes and mountains. “The mountains are not high but there are many mountains, and the water is not deep. "Thousands of things" outline the scenic characteristics of Daishan Lake. It now has four main functional areas: outdoor activity area, summer carnival area, Buddhist sightseeing area, and conference reception area. It has now opened a 4-star hotel, Buddhist cultural park, elderly people and lake, water sports, beach buggy, and lakeside area. Restaurants, dozens of single villas, beach bathing beaches and other tourist attractions.

13. Hefei Wanda Park
Hefei Wanda Park covers an area of ​​100 hectares and has a total construction area of ​​900,000 square meters. It is the tourism part of Hefei Wanda City. The park combines the essence of Huizhou's excellent culture with modern technology. It has six themed areas: Huizhou Ancient Rhythm, Liyuan Spring and Autumn, Happy Water Village, Chaozhou Ancient City, Dream Butterfly Wonderland, and Feishui Battle. There are 33 amusement equipment such as a double-track roller coaster and outdoor live performances, allowing tourists to enjoy the amusement feast.

14. Tiantangzhai
The tourism resources of Tiantangzhai can be summarized as rare forest species, unique waterfall landscape, wonderful mountain and rock landscape, and fresh and pleasant air. Rich forest vegetation is the central landscape of Tiantang Village. The numerous waterfalls and dragon pools are the characteristic landscape of Tiantangzhai. A good ecological environment is the main landscape of Tiantangzhai. A large number of strange mountains and rocks are the main landscape of Tiantangzhai. It has become a good place for people to return to nature and get close to nature. It is a resort for people to relax, vacation and sightseeing. It is also one of the most interesting places in Anhui.

15. Bali River
Bali River covers a total area of ​​15.8 square kilometers and is divided into five major scenic spots: Birdsong Forest, West District, East District, Twelve Flower Island, and Ming and Qing Garden. The vast expanse of blue waves, the beautiful scenery, and the ancient beauty are all mesmerizing. The scenic spot integrates Chinese and Western architecture, fully displaying the charm of architectural culture and garden culture. Visitors can walk on the trestle and see vast expanse of blue waves at their feet; they can take a boat ride and enjoy the twelve-flower island in four seasons; they can enter the ancient houses of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and admire the seams of bricks and tiles, and the cornices of brackets. Come and experience different artistic conceptions of the world. In addition, there is a playground in the scenic area: swimming pools of different depths and jumping platforms of different heights; there are dozens of electric toys in the children's playground.

Introduction of Hu Bingheng

Hu Bingheng. Hu Bingheng, a Huizhou merchant, has been pioneering the tea trade for four generations. After more than a hundred years of vicissitudes in the business world, he has gone through several disasters and revivals. He has successively opened 12 teahouses and teahouses, creating a world for Jixi tea industry in the Santai area.

Who were famous people in Xuancheng in ancient times?

　　Only figures who have had an impact on Chinese history and culture are listed here.
　　Xuanzhou District:
　　Tao Qian, a native of Danyang County (now Xuancheng) of the Three Kingdoms, the prefect of Xuzhou, and the protagonist of Xuzhou in the Three Kingdoms.
　　Mei Xinchen is regarded as the founder of poetry in the Song Dynasty, as famous as Ouyang Xiu.
　　Zhou Zizhi (1082-1155), also known as Xiaoyin, also known as Zhupo Jushi, was a native of Xuancheng (now part of Anhui). In the 17th year of Emperor Gaozong's reign in Shaoxing (1147), the officials were deleted by the decree of Youdi Gonglang. He has successively served as Editor of the Privy Council and Wailang, the Right Secretary. In the 21st year of Shaoxing (1151), the Zhixingguo army came out. The poem is famous, has no allusions, and is natural and smooth. He can also write lyrics, and his style is similar to that of poetry. It is clear and graceful, with no trace of deliberate carving. For example, "Traveling on the Shasha" (1) describes the feelings of separation: the hairpins are flying, the sun is setting in the mist, and there are countless sorrows. It gives people the feeling of deep affection and blurred scenery. It can be called a rare masterpiece. Among them, the wording of the sentence "Looking at each other in silence in the teardrop pavilion" is particularly clever, and the last question is even more tear-jerking. Others such as "Shengchazi" (1), (3), (4), "Xijiang Moon" (2), (5), (7), "Bodhisattva Man", "Visiting the Golden Gate", "Businessman", etc. It's a masterpiece. He is the author of "Taicang Fanmi Collection", "Zhupo Poems" and "Zhupo Ci".
　　Gong Shitai, 1298-1362, was a Jinshi of the Yuan Dynasty, named Taifu, and was a native of Xuancheng, Ningguofu. Fu Kui, a famous literary scholar, served as an official in the capital between Yanyou and Zhizhi, and was a scholar of Jixianzhi. He died with the posthumous title Wenjing. Shitai left his studies at an early age and became a scholar. In the fourth year of Taiding, Shi Tan was born, and was awarded the title of Cong Shilang and Taihe Prefecture Judge. He wrote "Supplementary Notes to the Book of Songs" and "Wan Zhai Ji", etc.
　　Mei Dingzuo, a Ming Dynasty dramatist, was born in Xuancheng. His representative work "The Story of Yuhe" is a masterpiece of the Kunshan School. He was a close friend of Tang Xianzu.
　　Shen Yourong, courtesy name Shihong and nickname Ninghai, was born in Xuancheng, Anhui Province. He was born in a Confucian family, but he was fond of military strategy since he was a child. Later he joined the army and became a famous brave general. After some arrangements, on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month in the 30th year of Wanli (January 8, 1603), Shen Yourong went straight to the nests of Japanese pirates who had entered Taiwan and wiped them out. "The magic weapon flies out without anyone noticing, and only those who succeed in talking and laughing will know." Because Shen Yourong had made many military exploits during the war with Japan and was quite famous, he was transferred to Quanzhou to serve as the governor. During this period, he participated in the anti-Dutch struggle. The Fujian authorities of the Ming Dynasty dispatched 50 warships and sailed to Penghu. At the same time, they sent Shen Yourong, the "Government Commander", as a representative to tell the Dutch invaders to be polite before attacking. On November 18, 1604, Shen Yourong went to Penghu to negotiate with Wei Malang, the leader of the Dutch invading army. At the negotiation table, he upholds justice and uses "tongue, gun, lip and sword" to argue with reason, with a majestic voice and an upright spirit, which greatly enhances the aspirations of the Chinese nation. The Dutch invaders were at a loss for words and in a state of embarrassment, so they became angry and drew their swords to demonstrate: "The Chinese warships are here and they want to kill us. How about killing each other?" Shen Yourong was furious after hearing this and said sternly: "China is very accustomed to killing people. Since you say you are a businessman, so you act as a guest, how can you talk about fighting?" I think I had the intention of rebelling, so I came to see the power of the Celestial Empire! Haven't you heard of it? I broke through the Japanese sea, and the sea turned red. I can't bear to see you follow in the footsteps of the Japanese! "The Dutch invaders no longer dared to speak, their faces turned pale, and they retreated dejectedly from Penghu, which they had occupied for nearly four months. Shen Yourong drove the Dutch invaders out and defended Penghu without firing a shot. Later, the inscription "Shen Yourong ordered to retire the red-haired fan Wei Malang and others" on Magong Island in Penghu was erected for this purpose.
　　Mei Qing, courtesy name Yuangong, nicknamed Qushan, was from Xuancheng, Anhui. He was born in the third year of Tianqi of Emperor Xizong of Ming Dynasty (1623) and died in the thirty-sixth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1697). In the 11th year of Shunzhi (1654), he was elected as a scholar. He had friendly relations with Shi Tao and learned from each other's painting skills. Shi Tao's early landscape paintings were influenced by him to a certain extent, and his paintings of Huangshan in his later years were also influenced by Shi Tao. Therefore, Shi Tao and Mei Qing are both known as giants of the "Huangshan School". Mei Qing is famous for his paintings of Huangshan Mountain. He "captured the true feelings of Huangshan Mountain" and became a representative figure in the "Huangshan School of Painting" together with Shi Tao and Hongren. Modern painter He Tianjian commented in "Huangshan School and Huangshan": "Shi Tao gets the spirit of Huangshan, Meiqushan gets the shadow of Huangshan, and Jianjiang (Hongren) gets the essence of Huangshan. "
　　 He is good at poetry and calligraphy. He also wrote "Tianyan Pavilion Collection", "Qushan Poems", and painted the book "Travel to Huangshan Mountain". Mei Qing is good at landscapes, turquoise and rocks, and is especially good at painting Huangshan Mountain. He said, "After visiting Huangshan Mountain, most of the paintings I wrote were about Huangshan Mountain." "The Huangshan Mountains in his paintings are won by momentum, the writing is flowing and bold, and the ink is flowing freely. The scenery is strange and dangerous, and the lines are twisted and full of movement. It is different from the more harsh and solemn painting style of Xin'an School. He went deep into Huangshan Mountain for a long time. Sketch more of the real scenery of Huangshan Mountain. Although he often claims to learn from the Yuan Dynasty, he has his own unique creations. His style is elegant and graceful, depicting the changing clouds and smoke in the mountains, as well as the many pines and green colors. I used cirrus clouds to give people a feeling of vastness. His "Album of Twenty-Four Scenes of Xuancheng" can be regarded as a life-long work. People say that his mountains and rivers are of the highest quality and his pines are of the highest quality. He also painted plum blossoms. The plum blossoms were painted with smoke and clouds falling, and the branches were strangely ancient. The "Mountains and Flowing Waters" scroll he painted when he was 72 years old is now collected in the Palace Museum in Beijing. The work's vigorous brushstrokes, smooth ink colors, chamfering techniques, and usage all bring out the charm of Shi Tao. Mei Qing's writings show skill in relaxation, seek order in chaos, make the longitude and latitude clear, and feel comfortable and smooth.
　　Shi Runzhang (1618-1683), courtesy name Shangbai, nicknamed Yushan, was a native of Xuancheng, Anhui. In the 6th year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, he was awarded the Jinshi Scholarship, and in the 18th year of Kangxi's reign, he was awarded the Jinshi Scholarship for Erudite and Confucianism. As an official, he went to the Hanlin Academy to give lectures and compile "History of the Ming Dynasty". It is as famous as Laiyang Song Wan, and was called "Southern Shi and Northern Song Dynasty" at that time. He was also friendly with Gao Yong from Tongyi, who dominated the Southeast Ci poetry circle for decades, and was known as "Xuancheng Style". He is the author of twenty-eight volumes of "Collected Works of Xueyutang" and fifty volumes of "Collected Poems of Xueyutang". He is the protagonist of the old chapter novel "Shi Gongan".
　　Mei Guangdi (1890-1945), courtesy name Disheng and Jingzhuang, was born in Xuancheng, Anhui. In 1911, he went to the United States to study, first at Northwestern University and then at Harvard University, where he majored in literature. In 1920, he returned to China and served as the director of the English Department of Nankai University. In 1921, he served as director of the Department of Foreign Languages ​​and Literature at Southeast University. Founded the magazine "Xueheng". In 1924, he went to the United States to give lectures. After returning to China in 1927, he served as acting dean of the School of Liberal Arts at Central University (formerly Southeast University). Later he went to work at Harvard University in the United States. In 1936, he served as deputy dean of the College of Arts and Sciences and director of the Department of Foreign Literature of Zhejiang University. In 1939, the Faculty of Arts and Sciences was separated and he became the dean of the Faculty of Arts. Died in Guiyang in 1945.
　　Ningguo:
　　 Ren Xinmin, a native of Ningguo County, Anhui Province, born in 1915, male, member of the Communist Party of China, expert in aerospace technology and rocket engines, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the International Academy of Astronautics academician. Graduated from Chongqing Military Academy in 1940. In 1945, he went to study abroad at the University of Michigan Graduate School in the United States and obtained a master's degree in mechanical engineering and a doctorate in engineering mechanics. He returned to China in August 1949 and worked as a researcher at the Military Science Research Laboratory of the East China Military Region. In 1952, he taught at the Harbin Military Engineering Institute. In August 1956, he participated in the preparations for the establishment of the Fifth Academy of the Ministry of National Defense. He served successively as director of the General Office, director of the Liquid Rocket Engine Design Department, deputy director of the First Branch and director of the Liquid Rocket Engine Research Institute, and director of the Seven Machinery Research Institute. Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Aerospace Industry, Director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Aerospace Industry, and Senior Technical Advisor of the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics. In 1964, as the deputy chief designer of the model, he led and participated in the development of the first self-designed liquid rocket engine for medium- and short-range ballistic surface-to-surface missiles, ensuring the complete success of the Dongfeng-2 missile flight experiment. He successively led and organized the development and testing of various liquid rocket engines for medium-range, medium-to-long-range, and long-range liquid ballistic surface-to-surface missiles. In May 1980, during the flight test of launching a long-range ballistic missile into the predetermined waters of the Pacific Ocean, as the commander-in-chief of the first area, he assisted in the leadership and command of this major flight test mission. Organized the development of the Long March-1 carrier rocket to ensure the success of the launch of the first artificial earth satellite, Dongfanghong-1. He led and organized the development and testing of the hydrogen-oxygen engine, the Long March 3 launch vehicle and the entire communication satellite project; he led and organized the use of the Long March 3 launch vehicle to accurately send the Asia-1 communication satellite into the geosynchronous transfer orbit, realizing the Chinese launch vehicle A breakthrough in international launch services. In 1984, he was awarded first-class merit by the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics. In 1989 and 1990, he was awarded the Order of Merit by the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics twice. In 1985, he won two special prizes of the National Science and Technology Progress Award.
　　Guangde (including Langxi):
　　 Wu Jun, a poet of the Southern Dynasties, a collection of poems - including "War in the South of the City", "Entering the Pass", "Pheasant Class", "Plum Blossoms Fall", "Crow on the City", "Army March", etc.
　　Zhang Guangzao, courtesy name Hanquan, was born in Guangde, Anhui. Jinshi in the sixth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1856). He successively served as the magistrate of Quzhou, Wangdu, Wanxian, Xingtai and other counties, and the magistrate of Zhengding Prefecture. He is honest and upright, able to understand the sentiments of the people, and has a distinguished official reputation. In February of the ninth year of Tongzhi (1870), he was appointed the prefect of Tianjin.
　　In 1860, after the Qing court and the British and French governments signed the "Beijing Treaty", which was humiliating and humiliating, Tianjin was opened as a commercial port, and imperialist powers and religious forces invaded Tianjin. France established a Catholic church in Wanghailou and a Mercy Church in Dongguan under the guise of "charity". He allowed believers to run rampant, relied on his power to oppress the people, and had deep grudges with the people.
　　After Zhang Guangzao arrived in Tianjin, he immediately encountered the case of foreign warships knocking over Tianjin fishing boats, and the French riding horses in the thoroughfare and trampling people to death. Although Zhang Guangzao knew that under the circumstances at that time, "the matter involved foreigners" and the case was difficult, he did not care about personal gains and losses, dared to argue for his reasons, and was able to speak for the people, so he was praised by public opinion.
　　 Soon, there were many cases of missing children in various places under the jurisdiction of Tianjin Prefecture. There were rumors that they were abducted by foreigners to gouge out their eyes to make medicine. At this time, a large number of Chinese children adopted by the French House of Mercy died due to abuse. In order to deceive others, the person in charge of the Mercy Hall sent the child's body to the wilderness for burial at night. Due to the careless burial, wild dogs dug out the coffin, which turned out to be several corpses in one coffin. The masses were in an uproar after hearing the news, believing that it was evidence of foreigners killing young children to make pharmaceuticals, so they carried the coffin to Tianjin Prefecture to cry out for injustice. In order to clarify the facts, Zhang Guangzao immediately sent officers to arrest the murderer. A few days later, two kidnappers, Zhang Shuan and Guo Guai, were captured. Zhang Guangzao personally interrogated the kidnapper and confessed. He was immediately executed on the spot and the people's morale was somewhat at ease. In the eyes of the people, Zhang Guangzao is already a "good official who can make decisions for the people."
　　In April of the same year, Wu Lanzhen, a female kidnapper, was captured by the crowd at the crime scene and taken to Tianjin Prefecture. Zhang Guangzao interrogated her overnight. According to Wu Lanzhen's confession: The abduction of the child was ordered by Wang San, the steward of the Catholic Church, and the drug was given by Wang San. Since the case involved the church, Zhang Guangzao, together with Chonghou, the Minister of Commerce of the Qing Dynasty, negotiated with Feng Daye, the French consul in Tianjin, and politely invited Feng Daye to the church to inquire whether Wang San was there. Unexpectedly, Feng Daye was violent and arrogant. He did not take the Chinese government into consideration at all. He was not only arrogant and unreasonable, but even allowed his servants to commit crimes. Chonghou, flattering foreigners and fearing trouble, use "harmonious diplomatic relations" as an excuse to advocate "putting aside troubles and making peace". Zhang Guangzao believed, “How can we build a country by seeking perfection through humiliation? I firmly advocate that we go to the church in person with Tianjin County to investigate. If there are any Wang San, we must use the national law and the people's anger.
　　On May 23rd (lunar calendar), the news that "Master Zhang wants to inspect the church" spread like wildfire. People were excited and flocked to the outside of the church to watch. Chonghou was afraid that the people's sentiments would change, so he quickly dispatched soldiers to suppress it. In order to cheer for the church, the Catholics in Tianjin also gathered many believers to confront the crowd. The situation was very tense. After hearing the news, Feng Daye led an armed patrol and rushed there. He happened to meet Liu Jie, the magistrate of Tianjin. He raised his hand and shot Baosheng, Liu Jie's personal attendant. The onlookers were extremely angry when they saw the foreigners shooting and killing people in full view. One person shouted for beating, and everyone came together and beat Feng Daye to death on the spot! The angry people of Tianjin refused to do anything but rang gongs and gathered crowds. They rushed into Wanghailou Church and Dongguan Mercy Hall, killing foreigners on sight and beating believers on sight. They could not vent their anger, and finally burned down Wanghailou. In the blazing fire, people are very happy. This is the "Tianjin Mission Case" that shocked China and foreign countries in history.
　　After the "religion case" occurred, the Qing government was frightened and quickly sent Zeng Guofan, the governor of Zhili, to Tianjin to investigate. Zeng Guofan was a mangy dog ​​in front of his master, but an executioner in front of the people. After he arrived in Tianjin, he first dismissed Zhang Guangzao and Liu Jie from their posts in order to flatter foreigners. However, the French Minister Luo Shuya did not appreciate this. While moving the warships to Dagukou for demonstration, he put forward dozens of harsh conditions. Indemnity and church reconstruction were not included: Zhang Guangzao's head was also required to be sacrificed by Feng Daye. He insisted that Zhang Guangzao was the culprit for "instigating the unruly people to commit crimes" and was determined to put him to death.
　　Although Zeng Guofan was known as the "Zeng Shaotou" who said killing people was like shaving his head, he did not dare to kill Zhang Guangzao. He knew that Zhang Guangzao was deeply popular among the people in Tianjin. If he killed Zhang Guangzao, he would not only be reviled by thousands of people, but would even be ruined. The case was dragged on until September. After repeated consultations between Zeng Guofan and his advisors and advisers, as well as multiple "agreements" with Luo Shuya, Zhang Guangzao was charged with "failed to suppress pressure before the battle and could not arrest the culprit afterwards" and was exiled to the army. Dispatched to Heilongjiang. Furthermore, sixteen Tianjin volunteers were sacrificed by the cruel method of "convicting them without evidence and dealing with them in a flexible way".
　　Zhang Guangzao was wronged and exiled to the garrison, but the people of the world expressed deep sympathy. On the way to the northern garrison, there were strangers along the way who came to greet us with food and wine. Staying overnight, the hotel owner heard that he was "Mr. Zhang of Tianjin". Not only did he refuse to accept meal money, but he also gave me gifts before leaving. People even hundreds of miles away heard that Zhang Guangzao was passing through, and their families came to express their condolences. After arriving in Heilongjiang, "the sky is high and the emperor is far away", and the local officials and people did not regard him as a "criminal official" and treated him with kindness and courtesy.
　　 Zhang Guangzao felt the deep friendship of the people and wrote hundreds of poems during his journey to the northern garrison, which were collected into two volumes and sometimes titled "Bei garrison grass". These poems express the author's thoughts. There are feelings of gratitude to the people, descriptions of life in exile, and more cynical expressions of concern for the country and the people. For example, in the Qilu poem "On the 11th day of the ninth month of the Gengwu period, Dingji was sent to Heilongjiang for service", he directly vented his anger:
　　 "In the fifth month, Qiu Cao came to book, and everyone was severely punished for his crimes. sorrow.
　　He Rong temporarily changed into Xiao Helu, who is Kou Zuncai to defend against the enemy?
　　Walking alone thousands of miles away, the chrysanthemums blooming in the same bottle;
　　There is no need to miss home and return to the world of men. "
　　 "He Rong temporarily becomes Xiao Helu" is a curse on Zeng Guo who flattered foreigners and humiliated the country, killed innocent people, and even ignored the laws of his ancestors; "Who can defend the enemy is the Kou Zhuncai"? It's because the country lacks talents like Kou Zhun. "He Ge Jue is a man in the country, and there is no need to think about his family and his head again." It is clear that the poet has not been discouraged because of being wronged, but is still encouraging himself. It is commendable for a feudal official to have such a mind.
　　 "The Rooster" in "Bei Shu Cao" can be said to be an allegorical poem. There is a small preface at the beginning of the poem:
　　 "Li Gong Yu Cang lives in the pavilion and breeds two chickens, one female and one male. They drink and peck at each other like a couple. The eggs of the female are often eaten by dogs, but the male is guarded by the female, and dogs dare not get close. One day, the male laid eggs. The male was not there, and the dog suddenly bit them. The eggs did not come out and the female died. The male returns and fights with the dog, pecking the blind dog's eyes, and the dog also dies. Li Gong thought it was ominous, so he killed a chicken. When I heard about it, I was hurt and wrote "Righteous Chicken Walking". "
　　"...It is worthy of being called the Five Virtues in ancient times, and poultry is not as high-quality as chickens.
　　Charge into battle without fear of death, as all martyrs have done since ancient times.
　　A chicken can still take revenge for personal revenge, and it is shameful to kill the mediocre cowards in the world.
　　If this matter is governed by law, it is not unfair to kill a dog with one life.
　　It is strictly forbidden to kill without mercy, and the crime is excusable.
　　If you don’t care about Li Gong’s opinions, you will resolutely fight with your troops.
　　The dog kills the chicken without retribution, but the chicken avenges the dog and sits back.
　　When I heard about this, I felt dissatisfied and wanted to avenge the rooster’s injustice.
　　Dance and sigh in the middle of the night, thousands of chickens are calling the fifth watch in unison. ..."
　　Isn’t it a strange thing that a chicken can peck a dog to death? The author is obviously borrowing the topic and has something else to say. He is aggrieved for the innocent victims in the "Tianjin Mission Case"! On the other hand, he was still looking forward to a bright world where "thousands of roosters would be called five times at a time"!
　　In 1972 (the eleventh year of Tongzhi), under the pressure of national public opinion, Zhang Guangzao's sentence was commuted and released. From then on, without an official position, he was able to visit famous mountains and scenic spots, express his love for ancient temples and gardens, and gain a deeper understanding of the sufferings of the people. He only lived in Guangde City for a while, and he often cared about public welfare undertakings in his hometown. He made many suggestions on the mining of Dushan Coal Mine and the protection of historical sites in the city. Later, he lived in Huzhou, Zhejiang, where he met Buyi Ding Baoshu, and they often talked about literature and commented on current affairs together. We are both fallen people at the end of the world, and we have a very close friendship.
　　In the spring of 1880 (the sixth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), Zhang Guangzao, with the help of friends, engrave and printed "Beishu Cao" and wrote a "Preface". It said: "...the Battle of Jinmen happened ten years ago. Occasionally, I think about it, I still have pain, why should I leave for an official position, just for the sake of honor and disgrace? The river is declining, the overall situation is like this, I am worried, angry and lonely, and I can't help myself. I leave this article to talk about those who know me in this world. "A commoner who was dismissed from office dared to make the comment that "the river is declining, the overall situation is like this", pointing directly at the feudal dynasty, which shows his strong and upright character.
　　In the winter of the same year, Zhang Guangzao met with Hu Youcheng, the magistrate of Zhili Prefecture in Guangde many times, and sincerely suggested that the "Guangzhou Chronicles" should be revised, and he wrote: "The "State Chronicles" were revised by Hu Jun, the governor of Renzi Prefecture in Qianlong. Later, Daoguang Dingweizhou Shou Yujun continued to write. Although his pen and ink were not as good as Hu Jun's, the events between Jiaqing and Daoguang were fortunately passed down. It has been more than eighty years since I continued practicing at this time. What's more, now that the guest people have gathered together and the natives have been resettled, in the past few decades, there are still some elders who can pass on their anecdotes. If the delay is too long and the documents are not collected, it is almost impossible to ask! ..."
　　At that time, after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom war, another plague broke out in Guangde, leaving only about 6,000 of the state's 360,000 population (including Jianping County under its jurisdiction). People will be called immigrants and colonists in the future, and the economy will recover. Zhang Guangzao refers to this when he said: "The guests gather together, and the natives wither." Therefore, Hu Youcheng adopted Zhang Guangzao's opinion and rebuilt the state annals. With Zhang Guangzao as the prime minister, Zhang recommended Ding Baoshu as the editor, and a 28-member editorial team was formed. It lasted one year and was completed in the seventh year of Guangxu. This "State Chronicles" totals sixty-and-a-half chapters and is divided into twenty volumes. The notes are extensively cited, verified and verified, and the errors in previous records are corrected in detail. However, Zhang Guangzao did not list himself in the "Characters". He only wrote dozens of words about himself in the "Jinshi" column of the "Election Chronicle" as an "example." In the tenth year of Guangxu's reign, he majored in "Ci Shan Zhi".
　　At the back of the poetry collection "Beishi Cao", there is also an appendix "The Beginning and End of the Tianjin Case in the Gengwu Year of Tongzhi" written by Zhang Guangzao, which elaborates on the causes and consequences of the "Tianjin Teaching Case", which is very valuable. Historical data. In the spring of 1963, the author collaborated with Peng Si Shenfujun, the director of Guangde Huagu Drama Troupe, to create the historical drama "The Rage in Jinmen" based on this information and other historical materials.
　　Professor Li Zegang, the author of "Anhui History Summary", praised Zhang Guangzao as "a more spirited figure among feudal officials". Some sources also said that he "stands on the side of the people and dares to oppose imperialism" Yingjie. "But for such a historical figure, there is no biography in the "Manuscript of Qing History", and even the dates of birth and death are not clear. At this point in the book, I can’t help but sigh!
　　Jingxian County:
　　Wang Jiaxiang, 1906-1974, was born in Jingxian County, Anhui Province, and the founder of the Communist Party of China.
　　Wu Zuxiang (1908.4.5-) was originally named Wu Zuxiang and given the courtesy name Zhonghua. He was a native of Jingxian County, Anhui Province. Since 1921, he studied in Anhui No. 8 Provincial Middle School in Xuancheng, Wuhu Provincial No. 5 Middle School and Shanghai. When he was studying in Wuhu No. 5 Middle School, he edited the literary weekly "Zhe
　　 Mountain" founded by the student union, and began to publish poems and essays in the supplement of "Wanjiang Daily".
　　In the autumn of 1929, he entered the Economics Department of Tsinghua University and transferred to the Chinese Department a year later. In 1932, he wrote the novel "The Official's Tonic", which
　　 was a success. In 1934, he created "Eighteen Hundred Dangs". The works are collected into "Xiliu Collection" and "Fanyu Collection".
　　 He stopped studying in 1935 and applied to be Feng Yuxiang’s tutor and secretary. In 1938, he initiated and joined the All-China
　　 Literary and Art Circles Anti-Enemy Association and served as a director of the association. During the Anti-Japanese War, he wrote the novel "Duck Tsui Waterlogging". From 1946 to 1947
　　 he visited the United States with Feng Yuxiang, and then served as professor at Jinling Women's College of Arts and Sciences, professor at Tsinghua University and director of the Chinese Department. In 1952, he was appointed professor at Beijing
　　 University , devoted himself to the study of classical literature, especially novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and served as the president of the "Dream of Red Mansions" Research Association.
　　Bao Shichen (1775-1855), whose courtesy name was Shen Bo and whose late name was Juan Weng, was from Jinxian County, Anhui Province. The ancient name of Jinxian County was Anwu, and he was also known as "Bao Anwu". In the 13th year of Jiaqing's reign, he was appointed magistrate of Xinyu County in Jiangxi Province. He is Deng Shiru's proud disciple. Self-proclaimed: "Shen Bo started writing from Yan and Ou in his middle age, and then transferred to Su and Dong. Later, he vigorously worked in the Northern Wei Dynasty, studied with the two kings in the late period, and then became a master. "He pretended to be the "first man in the right army" and was extremely conceited. However, his calligraphy works are not as arrogant as he claims to be. His cursive calligraphy has the feeling of more flesh and less tendons. However, his "Xiaocao Poetry Album" is very distinctive, and it does feel like a collection of monuments attached to one person. If Bao Shichen's calligraphy cannot be called first-class, then his calligraphy theory is indeed first-class. The book "Yi Zhou Shuang Ji" is a masterpiece advocating the Northern Wei Dynasty. It is one of the classics of stele studies in the Qing Dynasty.
　　Wu Yuru (1898-1982) was a famous contemporary scholar and calligraphy master. The character is Jiayuan, followed by the character Xing. Born in Nanjing in 1898. He was originally from Maolin Village, Jingxian County, Anhui Province, so he was named Maolin Jushi in his early years, and he was named Yuansou in his later years. Han nationality.
　　 He studied at Nankai Middle School in Tianjin, where he was in the same class as Zhou Enlai. He was appreciated by the principal Zhang Boling for his proficiency in classical Chinese. Later, he entered the preparatory course of Peking University and then transferred to Chaoyang University. He dropped out of school because of worries about ancestor Ding. In 1916, he went to Jilin and Harbin to make a living. After 1921, he successively served as secretary of the Heilongjiang Negotiation Bureau, secretary of the Supervisory Board of the China Eastern Railway Bureau, secretary of the Beijing Tobacco and Liquor Supervision Office, lecturer and secretary of the Economic Research Institute of Nankai University, and secretary of the Chongqing Kuomintang Political Participation Association.
　　After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Wu Yuru taught at Zhida Middle School, Daren College, Business School and other schools. After the Business School was changed to Jingu University, he served as the director of the Chinese Department until the liberation of Tianjin. He never got involved in politics. Before the "Cultural Revolution", he made a living in Beijing by teaching, reciting calligraphy, annotating ancient books, and compiling entries in "Ci Yuan" and "Ci Hai". During the Cultural Revolution in 1968, the entire collection of books was confiscated. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as a member of the Tianjin Municipal People's Political Consultative Conference, an honorary director of the Chinese Calligraphers Association, a member of the Tianjin Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and a librarian of the Tianjin Literature and History Research Center.
　　Wu Yuru was very fond of calligraphy since childhood. He learned to write when he was 5 years old. By the time he was 12 or 13 years old, he had considerable skills in writing small regular script and running script. After decades of extensive study and study, I was able to integrate the styles of various schools, draw on the strengths of famous artists in the Tang, Song, Yuan and Qing dynasties, and rely on the two kings (Xizhi and Xianzhi). It formed his unique calligraphy style of being elegant, vigorous, bold, ethereal and elegant. He is proficient in Li, Kai, Xing, Cao and Zhuan. His small regular script can be used as a large copybook when enlarged, which shows his superb skills. His running script and cursive script are the most accomplished among the four calligraphy styles, integrating the strengths of famous calligraphers of all ages. On the uneven surface of the fan that has been threaded through the fan ribs, I can write cursive writing without any mistakes.
　　He has his own habits and opinions in using paper, pen and ink. When writing in his early years, he did not use jade-printed xuan, preferring to use raw xuan and half-textured materials. After middle age, he only used continuous ink. He liked to use light ink and hated ink. He was also good at using a thin-tube long-edged brush.
　　Wu Yuru has profound attainments in ancient Chinese, poetry, writing and other aspects. He has held many personal calligraphy exhibitions in China and Japan, and has been highly praised at home and abroad. There are also "Collection of Wu Yuru's Calligraphy", "Thousand-Character Essays in Wei Shu by Yusou", "Manuscripts of Poems Written by Yusou in Wei", "Thousand-Character Essays in Running Script by Wu Yuru" and so on. What is most admired about him is not only his achievements in literature and calligraphy, but mainly because of his upright character and his refusal to follow the trend throughout his life. He was good at teaching students all his life, and his disciples and even private disciples spread all over the north and south, as far away as Nikola County in Xinjiang, Kunming, Dali in Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places.
　　Wu Yuru died of illness in Tianjin on August 8, 1982. During his illness, he wrote two paintings for the Tianjin CPPCC and the Tianjin Civil Revolution, which became his last works.
　　Jixi:
　　Hu Zongxian (1512-1565), courtesy name Ruyuan, alias Meilin, was born in Dakengkou, Jixi. In the 17th year of Jiajing (1538), he was awarded the Jinshi title and was awarded the Order of Yidu of Shandong Province. He repeatedly solved unsolved cases and redressed unjust imprisonments. He was awarded by the court and promoted to the third level. Later he served as the magistrate of Hangzhou, built the West Lake and expanded Yue's tomb. In the thirty-fourth year, he served as censor and governor of Zhejiang Province. At that time, due to pirates invading five islands and Japanese pirates harassing the coast, Zongxian took overall control of the military affairs of seven provinces. He moved to Jiangsu and Zhejiang to quell the Japanese invasion. He won honors for his military exploits and was promoted to the title of Taibao of the Crown Prince, Minister of the Ministry of War, and Shaobao. In the forty-one year, he was imprisoned for being a "strict party member" and later died. In the sixth year of Longqing (1572), Xuexue was able to be cleared and his achievements in pacifying the Japanese were recorded. Rong Ma Tuoyanzhong wrote "Cao Hai Tu Bian".
　　Hu Xueyan was born in 1823 in Jixi, Anhui. He lost his father when he was young and his family was poor. He worked as an apprentice in a banker since he was a child. Because he was born in poverty, Hu Xueyan understood from an early age: To do things, you must rely on friends, and to help others is to help yourself. According to "The Complete Biography of Hu Xueyan" written by Taiwanese writer Gao Yang, when Hu Xueyan was about 20 years old, he met a poor scholar named Wang Youling. This scholar is very talented and responsible. He has the opportunity to become an official, but he lacks the expense of going to Beijing and the "capital" to become an official. Although Hu Xueyan was not familiar with him, without saying anything, he immediately privately borrowed 500 taels of silver from the bank and gave it to Wang Youling. In this way, although he lost his job, he paved a bright future for himself. After becoming an official, Wang Youling felt his kindness and regarded him as a life and death friend. Hu Xueyan, who gained power, also took advantage of Wang Youling's prosperity in the officialdom and opened banks, pawnshops, and medicine shops to sell silk and tea, thereby quickly becoming rich.
　　Hu Shi (1891～1962), whose original name was Hu Hong (Ma Xin), Si Mi, and also named Xijiang, was later renamed Shi, whose given name was Shizhi. He was a native of Jixi, Anhui Province. Modern scholar, historian, writer, philosopher. He is famous for advocating the "May 4th" literary revolution. He has successively served as professor of Peking University, president of Peking University, and president of Academia Sinica, Taiwan.
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